Papillomavirus infection is one of the most common viral diseases of the skin and mucous membranes. Almost everyone has encountered one or another of its manifestations at least once in their life. More than 100 types of human papillomavirus (HPV) are known, each of which causes neoplasms of a certain type and location: papillomas on the body, mucous membranes, convex and flat warts on the hands and feet, genital warts and other growths. Papillomas can be single or multiple. Choosing an effective drug for papillomas is not an easy task, so it is better to entrust it to a dermatologist.
Types of HPV drugs
Medicines used to treat HPV are divided into the following groups:
- Antiviral drugs.
- immunostimulants.
- means of destruction of neoplasms.
First you need to determine the nature of the neoplasm: sometimes it is difficult to distinguish a papilloma from a mole or a condyloma. Then, using PCR analysis, determine the type of virus, because some of them contribute to the development of malignant neoplasms. Anti-papilloma drugs can be used in combination or separately.
Antiviral drugs
Medical treatment of skin neoplasms caused by HPV is rarely complete without drugs of this group. They have a harmful effect on the virus, prevent its reproduction and have an immunomodulatory effect.
Particularly popular are pharmaceutical preparations produced in several dosage forms: injections, tablets, suppositories, ointments and gels. Usually, with a single formulation, local application may be sufficient.
Antiviral ointments and gels are prescribed before and after the laser therapy, electrocoagulation procedure, and after it, they ensure high efficiency of treatment and prevention of relapses.
What are the indications for the appointment of systemic anti-viral drugs:
- high and potentially high oncological risk HPV infection, confirmed by PCR;
- multiple papillomas on the body (this indicates high activity of HPV);
- Primary and secondary immunodeficiency conditions (when the body cannot independently cope with the viral load).
Antiviral drugs (injections and tablets) are contraindicated:
- during pregnancy;
- during lactation;
- with individual intolerance.
Most medications are available with a prescription.
Which antiviral drugs are considered the most effective and can get rid of papillomas?
Inosine tablets
The drug is available in tablets. This is one of the most popular treatments for papilloma today. The active substance is inosine (purine derivative). has a complex effect:
- blocks virus enzymes, causes its death;
- activates interferon production;
- activates lymphocytes;
- inhibits the production of inflammatory mediators.
2 tablets per day are prescribed for 2 weeks, if necessary, the course of treatment can be extended up to a month. Can be used in children over 3 years old.
Nausea, headache, exacerbation of gout may develop.
Medicines based on meglumine acridone acetate
The drug is available in two forms: injection and tablets. The active substance is meglumine acridone acetate. The mechanism of action is interferon induction.
Effects:
- antivirus;
- immunomodulatory;
- Anti-inflammatory.
Intramuscular injections of the drug are carried out every other day, up to 10 injections per course.
Means based on a glycoside isolated from nightshade stems
Release form: solution for intravenous injection, ointment, gel spray insert for treatment of oral cavity, gel spray for treatment of papillomas on intimate genitals. The active ingredient is a glycoside isolated from nightshade stems.
This is a modern anti-virus tool with a wide range of action:
- anti-inflammatory,
- immunomodulatory,
- promotes tissue regeneration.
Intravenous injections are prescribed according to the scheme: the first 3 times in 2 days, the next 5 times in 3 days. Topical formulations and injections are generally well tolerated. The use of ointment and gel is allowed during pregnancy and lactation.
immunostimulants
Multiple papillomas often indicate a malfunction in the body. Medicines of this group have a stimulating effect on the immune system. Before use, it is necessary to consult an immunologist and additional examination (immunogram).
By themselves, immunostimulators cannot relieve external manifestations of human papillomavirus. But in case of proven immunodeficiency, they should be included in the HPV treatment complex. They are compatible with antiviral agents, antibiotics, antifungal agents.
The use of immunostimulants is prohibited:
- during pregnancy;
- Lactation
- Individual intolerance.
They are sold in pharmacies with a prescription. Which of these drugs is the most effective?
Compositions for the destruction of papillomas
Medicines of this group have a direct healing effect on papilloma. They contain aggressive components that destroy epithelial cells. Which one is most popular with doctors and patients and can get rid of HPV-related skin neoplasms?
freezing medicine
A temperature of -57°C affects the papilloma, which causes disruption of its blood supply and necrosis. The drug is sold in a pharmacy without a prescription.
The product should not be used on areas with delicate skin (face, armpit region, intimate areas) and mucous membranes.
The kit includes a bottle with a mixture of propane and dimethyl ether, a plastic holder and foam rubber applicators. Several formations can be processed in one session. Exposure time depends on the size of the papilloma, but should not exceed 40 seconds. Papilloma falls out in 10-14 days. 1 to 4 procedures are required to remove the formation.
Drops based on methacrisol
Drops for external use with an applicator. This is a relatively new effective drug for papillomas. The main component is metacresol. It has a causative effect, causes the death of the virus and the destruction of the neoplasm.
The drug is used on the elements very carefully, point by point. If a drop of the solution gets on healthy surrounding tissue, it should be removed immediately with a dry cotton swab. Small papillomas on the body are treated once, larger ones 3-4 times, with an interval of a few minutes, after the previous layer has dried.
Papillomas located in skin folds, interdigital spaces cannot be treated with medicine.
Removal of neoplasms in the anogenital area is best left to a medical professional.
Preparation based on a mixture of acids
The release form is a bottle with a solution, a plastic applicator for local use and a glass capillary for treating large surfaces.
The drug contains a mixture of acids: trichloroacetic acid, oxalic acid, nitric acid and lactic acid. Drops of the solution cause a chemical burn of the tissue, which causes mummification of the papilloma.
The agent is gently applied to the affected area until its color changes. After exposure to this drug on the papilloma, a crust forms on its surface, which disappears by itself after 10-12 days. If the effect is insufficient, the procedure should be repeated.
Treatment results
After using the drugs, the DNA of the virus remains in the human body. The purpose of using drugs for papillomas is to get rid of external manifestations, strengthen immunity and switch to the latent form of HPV infection. Only local effects are possible with single formations on the body. In other cases, its efficiency is 25-50%.
What conditions are needed to achieve the best results?
- complete diagnostics;
- combined treatment approach;
- Choosing the optimal treatment regimen.
Therefore, the key to successful treatment of papillomavirus is to seek medical help in time. There are many drugs for papilloma, and a specialist must determine which one is best for each individual.